The Erie County Department of Health is reminding residents to be informed when purchasing or consuming hemp-derived products, including foods and beverages containing delta-9 THC and other psychoactive cannabinoids. Hemp-derived products are increasingly available in the marketplace, with many being legal under current federal law. However, consumers should understand what these products contain and be aware that some may produce psychoactive effects. These products may include beverages, gummies, candies, baked goods, and other edible products containing hemp-derived forms of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Why Are These Products Being Sold?
The 2018 Farm Bill defined hemp as cannabis containing no more than 0.3% delta-9 THC by dry weight. Following this change, manufacturers began developing foods and beverages containing hemp-derived THC that are marketed as meeting the federal definition of hemp. While some products may meet the federal hemp definition, they may still contain THC in amounts that can produce psychoactive effects. The 0.3% standard refers to the concentration of delta-9 THC in the product by dry weight; it does not necessarily reflect the total amount of THC a person consumes. For example, a product may meet the federal hemp definition while still containing several milligrams of THC, enough to cause impairment or other effects in some individuals. Consumers should not assume that a product labeled “hemp-derived” is non-intoxicating or risk-free.
What Are the Health Risks?
Hemp-derived THC products may:
- Cause impairment and affect judgment, coordination, and reaction time.
- Produce anxiety, dizziness, confusion, or hallucinations in some individuals
- Increase the risk of accidental overconsumption, particularly with edible products that may take one to four hours before effects are felt
- Interact with prescription medications
- Result in a positive drug screening test
- Be especially dangerous for children and pets if accidentally consumed
Unlike products sold through Pennsylvania’s regulated medical marijuana program, many hemp-derived THC products are available in retail settings where consumers may assume they are similar to other food or beverage products. Products may resemble soft drinks, candy, or snacks and may be attractive to children. Product labeling and packaging may not always make it clear that the product contains THC. Product quality and cannabinoid content may vary between manufacturers.
Upcoming Federal Changes
Beginning in November 2026, changes to federal law are expected to significantly restrict the sale of certain hemp-derived cannabinoid products. These changes are intended to address concerns about products that have become widely available following passage of the 2018 Farm Bill.
Recommendations:
The Erie County Department of Health recommends that you:
- Do not assume that “hemp-derived” means non-intoxicating
- Keep THC-containing products locked away and out of the reach of children and pets
- Never drive after consuming any products that may cause impairments or delay reaction time including THC, medicinal marijuana, or other substances
- Speak with a healthcare provider before using THC products if taking prescription medications, or managing a chronic medical condition
